Auditory processing disorder (APD) affects an individual's ability to:

Auditory processing disorder (APD) specifically impacts how individuals process and interpret sound information. This includes difficulties in distinguishing similar sounds, following spoken instructions, and understanding speech in noisy environments. Individuals with APD may hear sounds but struggle to understand or make sense of what they hear, which can affect their communication skills and learning experiences. Thus, the focus on accurately processing and interpreting auditory information is the core challenge of APD, making option B the correct choice.

The other options do not pertain directly to auditory processing abilities. Recognizing visual cues involves the visual system rather than auditory processing, while engaging in physical activities relates to motor skills. Understanding mathematical concepts may involve auditory input but is not a defining characteristic of APD. Consequently, the unique nature of APD makes the correct answer particularly relevant to its definition and impact on individuals.